Milankovic wrote the following university textbooks:
Milankovic was the advisor and committee member for 26 doctoral dissertations, most of which are kept by the University Library in Belgrade.
Milankovic did not take part in the work of the university during the Second World War, and after the war he was reinstated as professor.
Milankovic was elected vice-president of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1948 and was reelected twice. He was also appointed director of the Astronomical Observatory.